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Common Ingredient Substitutions- Page One

Here are simple substitutions for basic cooking ingredients.

Allspice…1 teaspoon

          1/2 teaspoon cinnamon plus 1/8 teaspoon ground cloves

Arrowroot…1 teaspoon (as thickener)

          1 tablespoon flour; or 1 teaspoon cornstarch

Baking powder…1 teaspoon

          1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/4 teaspoon cornstarch plus 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar

Baking soda…1 teaspoon

          4 teaspoons baking powder; or 1 teaspoon potassium bicarbonate and 1/3 teaspoon salt

Breadcrumbs…1 cup

          1 cup cracker crumbs; or 1 cup matzo meal; or 1 cup ground oats

Brown sugar…1 cup

          1 tablespoon of molasses plus granulated sugar to equal 1 cup

Butter, salted…1 cup

          1 cup margarine; or 1 cup shortening plus 1/2 teaspoon salt;

              or 7/8 cup vegetable oil plus 1/2 teaspoon salt

Butter, unsalted…1 cup 

          1 cup shortening; or 7/8 cup vegetable oil

Buttermilk…1 cup

          1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar plus milk to equal 1 cup; or 1 cup plain yogurt

Chocolate, Unsweetened…1 ounce 

          3 tablespoons cocoa plus 1 tablespoon unsalted butter or shortening or vegetable oil

Cracker crumbs…3/4 cup

          1 cup dry breadcrumbs; or 1 tablespoon quick-cooking oats (for thickening)

Cream, heavy…1 cup

          3/4 cup milk plus 1/3 cup melted butter (this will not whip)

Cream, light…1 cup

          7/8 cup milk plus 3 tablespoons melted, unsalted butter

Cream, sour…1 cup

          7/8 cup buttermilk or 7/8 cup plain yogurt+3 tablespoons melted, unsalted butter

Cream, whipping…1 cup

          2/3 cup well-chilled evaporated milk, whipped; or 

               1 cup nonfat dry milk powder whipped with 1 cup ice water

Egg…1 whole (3 tablespoons)           

              2 yolks plus 1 tablespoon cold water; or 

           3 tablespoons vegetable oil + 1 tablespoon water  (for baking) 

           or 3 tablespoons mayonnaise (for cakes)

           or 2 1/2 tablespoons of powdered egg substitute plus 2 1/2 tablespoons water, 

           or 1/4 cup liquid egg substitute; 

           or half a banana mashed with 1/2 teaspoon baking powder

Egg white…1 white     

           2 tablespoons meringue powder plus 3 tablespoons water, (combined)